Application of titanium in medicine
June 11, 2022
1. Titanium, as an emerging material, has been used for decades in the pharmaceutical industry, surgical instruments, human implants and other fields in China and the world, and has achieved great success.
2, the human body should be trauma, tumor caused by bone, joint injury, the use of titanium and titanium alloy can manufacture artificial joint, bone plate and screw has been widely used in clinical. It is also used for hip joint (including femoral head), knee joint, elbow joint, metacarpophalangeal joint, interphalangeal joint, lower M-bone, artificial vertebral body (spinal orthosis), cardiac pacemaker shell, artificial heart (heart valve), artificial dental implant, and titanium mesh in cranium reconstruction and other aspects.
3. Requirements for implant materials can be classified into three aspects: biocompatibility of materials with human body, corrosion resistance of materials in human environment and mechanical properties of materials. As long-term implant materials, there are seven specific requirements as follows:
(1) corrosion resistance;
(2) biocompatibility;
(3) Excellent mechanical and fatigue properties;
(4) toughness;
(5) Low elastic modulus;
(6) Good wear resistance in the combination;
(7) Satisfactory price;
4, surgical implant materials mainly include: metal, polymer, ceramic, etc., metal materials also include stainless steel, base alloy and titanium base alloy.
The comparison of material properties and bone properties and the comparison of implant material properties are shown in Table 1 and Table 2. As can be seen from Table 2, stainless steel is cheap and easy to process, but corrosion resistance and biocompatibility is not as good as titanium alloy; The wear resistance of T alloy is better than titanium alloy, but the density is larger, too heavy; Titanium and titanium alloys are attracting more and more attention due to their high specific strength, good biocompatibility and good resistance to body fluids. The deficiencies of titanium alloy are poor wear resistance, difficult to cast, and poor processing performance.
